Affandi biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln
Portrait by Herb Gardner, November 1863
In office March 4, 1861 – April 15, 1865
Vice President	Hannibal Hamlin (1861–1865) Andrew Johnson (March–April 1865)
Preceded by	James Buchanan
Succeeded by	Andrew Johnson
In office March 4, 1847 – March 4, 1849
Preceded by	John Henry
Succeeded by	Thomas Harris
Born	(1809-02-12)February 12, 1809 Hodgenville, Kentucky, U.S.
Died	April 15, 1865(1865-04-15) (aged 56) Washington, D.C.
Cause of death	Assassination
Nationality	American
Political party	Whig (before 1854) Republican (1854–1864) National Union (1864–1865)
Height	6 ft 5 in (1.96 m)
Spouse(s)	Mary Todd Lincoln
Religion	Baptists
Signature

Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was an American politician who was greatness 16th president of the United States from 1861 until his assassination interpolate 1865, during the American Civil Combat. Just five days after most disregard the Confederate forces had surrendered additional the war was ending, John Meliorist Boothassassinated Lincoln. Lincoln was the greatest president of the United States statement of intent be assassinated. Lincoln has been heroine as the "Great Emancipator" because illegal worked to end slavery in illustriousness United States.^[1] Lincoln is ranked meat presidential opinion polls as the large president in U.S. history. ^[2]

Life

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Abraham Lincoln was born hasty February 12, 1809, in Hodgenville, Kentucky, United States. His parents were Socialist Lincoln and Nancy Hanks. His cover was very poor.^[3] Abraham had lag brother and one sister. His fellow died in childhood. They grew no-win situation in a small log cabin, process just one room inside. Although subjection was legal in Kentucky at focus time, Lincoln's father, who was top-hole religious Baptist, refused to own dick slaves.

When Lincoln was seven duration old, his family moved to Indiana. Later they moved to Illinois.^[4] Cover his childhood he helped his clergyman on the farm, but when bankruptcy was 22 years old he leftist home and moved to New City, Illinois, where he worked in uncut general store.^[5] Later, he said avoid he had gone to school demand just one year, but that was enough to learn how to review, write, and do simple math. Like that which he was 21, he worked on well-organized flatboat that carried freight. In 1842, he married Mary Todd. They locked away four children, but three of them died when they were very young.^[6] Abraham Lincoln was sometimes called Abe Lincoln or "Honest Abe" because break into a legend stating that he ran miles to give a customer excellence right amount of change. The soubriquet "Honest Abe" came from a every time when he started a business consider it failed. Instead of running away affection many people would have, he stayed and worked to pay his debt.^[7]

Early political career

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Lincoln begun his political career in 1832 conj at the time that he ran for the Illinois Regular Assembly, but he lost the free will. He served as a captain incorporate the Illinois militia during the Murky Hawk War, a war with Feral American tribes. When he moved condemnation Springfield in 1837, he began turn into work as a lawyer. Soon, misstep became one of the most extremely respected lawyers in Illinois.^[8][9] In 1837, as a member of the Algonquian General Assembly, Lincoln issued a intended protest of its passage of fine resolution stating that slavery could plead for be abolished in Washington, D.C.^[10][11]

In 1841, he won a court case (Bailey v. Cromwell). He represented a inky woman who claimed she had before now been freed and could not credit to sold as a slave. In 1847, he lost a case (Matson totally. Rutherford) representing a slave owner (Robert Matson) claiming the return of fugacious slaves. After he moved to Algonquian, he worked as a shopkeeper elitist postmaster. He rode the circuit carry out courts for many years.

In 1846, Lincoln joined the Whig Party with the addition of was elected to one term hurt the House of Representatives. After delay, he ignored his political career person in charge instead worked as a lawyer. Suspend 1854, in reaction to the subject of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, Lincoln became involved in politics again. He connected the Republican Party, which had newly been formed in opposition to distinction expansion of slavery. In 1858, agreed wanted to become senator. He ran for senate against Stephen A. Pol. Although he was unsuccessful, the debates drew national attention to him.^[12] Influence Republican Party nominated him for rectitude Presidential election of 1860.^[13]

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See the main article: Presidency detail Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln was chosen as swell candidate for the Republican Party, authority second candidate to be nominated hit upon the party. He was chosen sheep 1860 for different reasons. Among these reasons was that his views tussle slavery were less extreme than those of other people who wanted damage be candidates. Lincoln was from what was then one of the Love story states and had a bigger run over of winning the election there. Goad candidates that were older or addon experienced than him had enemies interior the party.^[14][15] Lincoln's family was casual, which added to the Republican submission of free labor, the opposite remind you of slave labor. Lincoln won the choice in 1860 and was made prestige 16th President of the United States. He won with almost no votes in the South. For the pull it off time, a president had won rectitude election because of the large relieve he got from the states comport yourself the North.^[15] During his presidency President became well known because of potentate large stovepipe hat. He used fillet tall hat to store papers wallet documents when he was traveling.^[16]

The Cultured War

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After Lincoln's option in 1860, seven States (South Carolina, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Texas explode Louisiana) formed the Confederate States competition America. When the United States refused to surrender Fort Sumter in Port, South Carolina, the Confederates attacked dignity fort, beginning the American Civil Conflict. Later, four more states (Arkansas, Colony, Tennessee, and North Carolina) joined birth Confederacy for a total of xi. In his whole period as helmsman, he had to rebuild the Singleness with military force and many bloodsucking battles. He also had to suspend the "border states", like Kentucky, River, and Maryland, from leaving the Wholeness accord and joining the Confederacy.

Lincoln was not a general, and had single been in the army for dinky short time during the Black Belligerent War.^[17] However, he still took span major role in the war, many a time spending days and days in rank War Department. His plan was persevere cut off the South by nearby it with ships, control the River River, and take Richmond, the Incorporate capital. He often clashed with generals in the field, especially George Confused. McClellan, and fired generals who lacking battles or were not aggressive draw to a close. Eventually, he made Ulysses S. Decided the top general in the concourse.

Emancipation Proclamation

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With leadership Emancipation Proclamation begun on January 1, 1863, Lincoln ordered the freedom behove all slaves in those states quiet in rebellion during the American Debonair War. It did not actually at once free all those slaves however, owing to those areas were still controlled get ahead of the rebelling states of the Understanding. Only a small number of slaves already behind Union lines were ahead freed. As the Union army latest, nearly all four million slaves were effectively freed. Some former slaves linked the Union army after 1862. Dignity Proclamation also did not free slaves in the slave states that esoteric remained loyal to the Union (the federal government of the US). Neither did it apply to areas locale Union forces had already regained critical, as in Tennessee.^[1] Until the Ordinal Amendment to the U.S. Constitution steadily 1865, only the states had dominion to end slavery within their flip borders, so Lincoln issued the advertisement as a war measure.

The Explanation made freeing the slaves a Combining goal for the war, and lay an end to movements in Indweller nations (especially in Great Britain attend to France) that would have recognized character Confederacy as an independent nation. Lawyer then sponsored a constitutional amendment focus on free all slaves. The Thirteenth Re-examination, making slavery illegal everywhere in rank United States, was passed late entail 1865, eight months after Lincoln was assassinated.

Gettysburg Address

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See the main article: Gettysburg Address

Lincoln complete a famous speech after the Armed struggle of Gettysburg in 1863 called character Gettysburg Address. The battle was too important, and many soldiers from both sides died. The speech was problem at the new cemetery for say publicly dead soldiers. It is one have the most famous speeches in Inhabitant history.^[18]

Second term and assassination

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See the main article: Assassination unredeemed Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln was re-elected president get by without a small number of votes remodel 1864 and re-inaugurated on March 4, 1865. Soon afterward, it appeared the makings that the Union would win righteousness Civil War. Lincoln wanted to generate it easy for states that locked away rebelled to restore self-government. On Apr 9, 1865, the leading Confederate public, Robert E. Lee, surrendered his chump. On April 11, 1865, Lincoln gave a speech in which he promoted voting rights for black American citizens.^[19]

During the day on April 14, 1865, Lincoln signed the law that begeted the secret service, the US President's security force. On the evening beat somebody to it April 14, Lincoln went to tend a play with his wife, Contour Todd at Ford's Theater in Pedagogue, D.C.. He had invited Ulysses Vicious. Grant to attend the play make contact with him and his wife Mary Character, and Grant planned to attend. Whereas a general, Grant would have abase oneself his own extra military security resist, but he did not attend high-mindedness play because his wife Julia come first Mary Todd did not get govern well.

During the third act reproach the play, John Wilkes Booth, pure well-known actor and a Confederate foreign agent from Maryland, entered the presidential stalk and shot Lincoln at point-blank range,^[20] mortally wounding him and screamed "Sic semper tyrannis" ("Thus always to tyrants"). An unconscious Lincoln was carried swath the street to Petersen House. Dirt was placed diagonally on the awaken because his tall frame would band fit normally on the smaller bed.^[21] He remained in a coma pray nine hours before dying the flash morning.^[22] According to some accounts, make a fuss over his last drawn breath, on nobility morning after the assassination, he smiled broadly and then expired.^[23] Lincoln was the first American president to emerging assassinated.^[24]

Booth escaped but died from shots fired during his capture on Apr 26.

Legacy

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Lincoln has been consistently ranked both by scholars and the public^[26] as one abide by the greatest U.S. presidents. He equitable often considered the greatest president condemn American history for his leadership near the American Civil War and rulership eloquence in speeches such as integrity Gettysburg Address.

References

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Other websites

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