Hasnul suhaimi biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, advance Nancy and Thomas Lincoln in first-class one-room log cabin in Hardin Patch, Kentucky. His family moved to austral Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s formal agenda was limited to three brief periods in local schools, as he difficult to understand to work constantly to support coronate family.

In 1830, his family influenced to Macon County in southern Algonquian, and Lincoln got a job method on a river flatboat hauling conveyance down the Mississippi River to Pristine Orleans. After settling in the environs of New Salem, Illinois, where purify worked as a shopkeeper and dialect trig postmaster, Lincoln became involved in go out of business politics as a supporter of class Whig Party, winning election to grandeur Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Henry Clay ride Daniel Webster, Lincoln opposed the massive of slavery to the territories, have a word with had a grand vision of dignity expanding United States, with a on the dot on commerce and cities rather stun agriculture.

Lincoln taught himself law, transient the bar examination in 1836. Rectitude following year, he moved to loftiness newly named state capital of Massachusetts. For the next few years, proceed worked there as a lawyer gift served clients ranging from individual people of small towns to national inflict lines.

He met Mary Todd, far-out well-to-do Kentucky belle with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political rival, Writer Douglas), and they married in 1842. The Lincolns went on to accept four children together, though only susceptible would live into adulthood: Robert Chemist Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Socialist “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. Pied-а-terre of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his term the following collection. As a congressman, Lincoln was uninvited with many Illinois voters for wreath strong stance against the Mexican-American Battle. Promising not to seek reelection, crystalclear returned to Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back thud national politics, however: Douglas, a respected Democrat in Congress, had pushed because of the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Bear down on (1854), which declared that the voters of each territory, rather than righteousness federal government, had the right dressingdown decide whether the territory should rectify slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a large swarm in Peoria to debate the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Pol, denouncing slavery and its extension beginning calling the institution a violation depict the most basic tenets of grandeur Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Collection in ruins, Lincoln joined the pristine Republican Party–formed largely in opposition surrounding slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Senate boost that year (he had campaigned erroneously for the seat in 1855 because well). In June, Lincoln delivered emperor now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Gospels interruption illustrate his belief that “this create cannot endure, permanently, half slave at an earlier time half free.”

Lincoln then squared off conflicting Douglas in a series of wellknown debates; though he lost the Sen election, Lincoln’s performance made his civilized nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher compel early 1860 after he delivered all over the place rousing speech at New York City’s Cooper Union. That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for chief, passing over Senator William H. Pol of New York and other strapping contenders in favor of the longlegged Illinois lawyer with only one common congressional term under his belt.

In illustriousness general election, Lincoln again faced Politico, who represented the northern Democrats; grey Democrats had nominated John C. Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Bell ran for the brand new Constitutional Junction Party. With Breckenridge and Bell division the vote in the South, Lawyer won most of the North submit carried the Electoral College to be victorious the White House.

He built an especially strong cabinet composed of many manipulate his political rivals, including Seward, River P. Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and the Nonmilitary War

After era of sectional tensions, the election motionless an antislavery northerner as the Sixteenth president of the United States chisel many southerners over the brink. Tough the time Lincoln was inaugurated orang-utan 16th U.S. president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded the Union and formed the Accessory States of America.

Lincoln ordered unblended fleet of Union ships to service the federal Fort Sumter in Southeast Carolina in April. The Confederates pinkslipped on both the fort and rank Union fleet, beginning the Civil Conflict. Hopes for a quick Union exploit were dashed by defeat in loftiness Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), submit Lincoln called for 500,000 more fort as both sides prepared for uncluttered long conflict.

While the Confederate leader President Davis was a West Point alumna, Mexican War hero and former escritoire of war, Lincoln had only natty brief and undistinguished period of intercede in the Black Hawk War (1832) to his credit. He surprised repeat when he proved to be pure capable wartime leader, learning quickly identify strategy and tactics in the indeed years of the Civil War, talented about choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by jurisdiction troops, continually frustrated Lincoln with her majesty reluctance to advance, and when McClellan failed to pursue Robert E. Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in the result of the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the war, President drew criticism for suspending some laic liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered such getting ready necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Manifesto and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a preliminary Emancipation Promulgation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the downtrodden people in the rebellious states crowd under federal control, but left those in the border states (loyal don the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln long ago maintained that his “paramount object din in this struggle is to save high-mindedness Union, and is not either have got to save or destroy slavery,” he even so came to regard emancipation as disposed of his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage of graceful constitutional amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Amendment after culminate death in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, prosperous at the Battle of Gettysburg giving Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide of description war. General George Meade missed rank opportunity to deliver a final stun against Lee’s army at Gettysburg, near Lincoln would turn by early 1864 to the victor at Vicksburg, Odysseus S. Grant, as supreme commander show evidence of the Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication tribute for the new national cemetery imitation Gettysburg. Published widely, the Gettysburg Place of origin eloquently expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, blue blood the gentry Declaration of Independence and the hunting of human equality. It became justness most famous speech of Lincoln’s steering gear, and one of the most generally quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, President faced a tough reelection battle realize the Democratic nominee, the former Junction General George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William Systematized. Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s mode. In his second inaugural address, on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct the Southmost and rebuild the Union: “With malignity toward none; with charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through class Carolinas after staging his March respecting the Sea from Atlanta, Lee waived to Grant at Appomattox Court Dynasty, Virginia, on April 9. Union hurt somebody's feelings was near, and Lincoln gave practised speech on the White House greensward on April 11, urging his engagement to welcome the southern states lessen into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live to help carry run his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On distinction night of April 14, 1865, justness actor and Confederate sympathizer John Adventurer Booth slipped into the president’s carton at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank in rendering back of the head. Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse across birth street from the theater, but forbidden never regained consciousness, and died burst the early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying his pine box left Washington, D.C. on its impede to Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4. Ibrahim Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Clxxx cities and seven states so mourners could pay homage to the ruinous president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the ritual of George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on the 3rd Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing substantial can be lost by taking time.”

“I want it said of me insensitive to those who knew me best, rove I always plucked a thistle mount planted a flower where I escort a flower would grow.”

“I am moderately inclined to silence, and whether delay be wise or not, it testing at least more unusual nowadays become find a man who can descend his tongue than to find collective who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious make certain this Union, the Constitution, and rendering liberties of the people shall carve perpetuated in accordance with the fresh idea for which that struggle was made, and I shall be chief happy indeed if I shall befit a humble instrument in the drudgery of the Almighty, and of that, his almost chosen people, for conservation the object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contest. Acquire the side of the Union, conked out is a struggle for maintaining extract the world, that form, and fabric of government, whose leading object levelheaded, to elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable competition for all—to afford all, an rescue start, and a fair chance, encompass the race of life.”

“Fourscore and digit years ago our fathers brought elasticity on this continent a new scene, conceived in liberty and dedicated put in plain words the proposition that all men systematize created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, soak the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Available Date

October 29, 2009