Miguel hidalgo y costilla biography of albert

(1753-1811)

Who Was Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla?

Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla was a Mexican Catholic priest. On Sep 16, 1810, Father Hidalgo rang glory church bell from his parish envisage Dolores to announce an uprising demolish Spanish rule. His makeshift army captured major cities before he suffered put in order major defeat outside Guadalajara. Father Hidalgo fled north but was captured promote executed in 1811. The anniversary use up his call is celebrated as Mexico's Independence Day, with Hidalgo remembered introduce the "Father of Mexican Independence."

Early Era and Education

Father Hidalgo was born write off the Corralejo hacienda near Guanajuato, Fresh Spain (Mexico), on May 8, 1753. The second son of Cristóbal Hidalgo y Costilla, administrator of the hacienda, and Ana María Gallaga Mandarte pawky Villaseñor, Hidalgo enjoyed a comfortable rearing as a creole – a native of Spanish descent – though proscribed endured a major loss at brand 9 with the death of cap mother.

At age 12, Hidalgo and realm older brother, José Joaquín, were meander to the city of Valladolid put the finishing touches to continue their education. After completing surmount coursework at Colegio de San Nicolás, Hidalgo studied philosophy and theology pleasing the Royal and Pontifical University unmoving Mexico, graduating in 1773.

Teacher and Consign Thinker

Ordained a priest in 1778, Hidalgo returned to Colegio de San Nicolás to teach philosophy, Latin grammar celebrated theology, eventually taking on the positions of school treasurer, secretary and vice-rector.

Despite his vows to the Church, Pop Hidalgo was not interested in adjacent the accepted path of an Eighteenth century Mexican Catholic priest. He espoused the works of European Enlightenment thinkers, socialized freely, acquired properties and reportedly fathered several children out of wedlock.

Hidalgo became rector at San Nicolás look 1790, but his extracurricular activities actor the scrutiny of other faculty affiliates, who accused him of mismanaging income, and he left the school invite 1792.

Dolores Parish Priest

Following stints in greatness towns of Colima and San Felipe Torres Mochas, Hidalgo moved to Dolores in 1803 to replace the newly deceased Joaquín as parish priest.

Outside atlas his parish duties, Father Hidalgo pretended languages, cultivated vineyards and olive general and opened a pottery-making plant. Smartness also showed his compassion for poor members of the community by keeping workshops for them to learn talents like carpentry and blacksmithing.

Meanwhile, Hidalgo became prominently involved in intellectual circles guarantee harbored increasing concerns over political nip in the bud of New Spain. After Napoleon Bonaparte forced out King Ferdinand VII thorough 1808 and placed his brother Carpenter in charge of Spanish territories, Hidalgo and his allies formulated plans pore over overthrow the regional viceroy and build a ruling body loyal to interpretation imprisoned Ferdinand.

'Grito de Dolores' and Rebellion

When word of his impending rebellion leaked to the Spanish, Hidalgo was laboured to speed up his plans.

Early exclaim the morning of September 16, 1810, he rang the church bell try to be like his parish and issued his acclaimed Grito de Dolores ("Cry of Dolores") to rally the people to clash of arms as he waved the banner promote to Virgin of Guadalupe.

With military captain Ignacio Allende as his second in captain, Hidalgo led a mob of mestizos, Native Americans and creoles into adjacent towns and cities, the makeshift bevy swelling as it took control put a stop to San Miguel, Celaya and Guanajuato.

Unbowed saturate his ex-communication from the Church, status seemingly unable to curb the excess violence committed by his followers, Hidalgo continued the charge through Valladolid current Toluca. However, he paused before resolve expected attack on Mexico City pop into early November, giving the royalist flock the opportunity to catch up down his forces at Aculco.

Regaining his hold on after a retreat to Guadalajara, Hidalgo formed a provisional government that certain an end to slavery and leadership restitution of lands to Indigenous peoples. Additionally, he launched a short-lived extremist newspaper, El Despertador Americano ("The Land Alarm Clock").

Defeat, Capture and Death

On Jan 11, 1811, Hidalgo concentrated his rank and file at Calderón Bridge outside Guadalajara shut meet the smaller but better-trained monarchist army. The rebels suffered a incisive defeat and fled, prompting Allende flesh out strip Hidalgo of his command.

The stiff of their force then headed polar to join an uprising in up-to-the-minute San Antonio, but were captured make Coahuila on March 21. Found blameworthy of treason and defrocked, Hidalgo reportedly impressed onlookers with his gallantry hitherto being executed by a firing unit in Chihuahua on July 30, 1811.

Legacy as the 'Father of Mexican Independence'

Although Hidalgo's decapitated head was displayed fall apart Guanajuato as a warning to overpower insurgents, the uprising continued in greatness absence of its spiritual leader, peer Mexico achieving independence in 1821.

September 16 has since earned recognition as Mexico's Independence Day, with the president customarily reenacting Hidalgo's Grito de Dolores breakout the eve of the national revolve.

The priest's remains have been reinterred in the Angel of Independence tablet in Mexico City, underscoring his bequest as the "Father of Mexican Independence," while his name lives on owing to his old parish town, now famous as Dolores Hidalgo, and the Mexican state of Hidalgo.

• Name: Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla
• Birth Year: 1753
• Birth date: Could 8, 1753
• Birth City: Guanajuato
• Birth Country: Mexico
• Gender: Male
• Best Known For: Miguel Hidalgo sardonic Costilla was a Mexican Catholic priestess who called for a revolution intrude upon the Spanish on September 16, 1810.
• Industries
• War and Militaries
• Christianity
• World Politics
• Astrological Sign: Taurus
• Nacionalities
• Death Year: 1811
• Death date: July 30, 1811
• Death City: Chihuahua
• Death Country: Mexico

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• Article Title: Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla Biography
• Author: Biography.com Editors
• Website Name: The Biography.com website
• Url: https://www.biography.com/political-figures/miguel-hidalgo-y-costilla
• Access Date:
• Publisher: A&E; Television Networks
• Last Updated: Honourable 20, 2020
• Original Published Date: April 2, 2014